利息抵扣、资本利得税与2026年房东投票指南
请问您正在以什么身份阅读:
对新西兰典型出租投资组合影响最大的两项变化,是房贷利息能否继续抵税,以及出售时是否需缴纳资本利得税,而不是财富税的头条新闻。
RentManager's free election calculator lets any landlord run their own portfolio numbers through all six parties' current policies in under a minute.
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简要总结:国家党、行动党、新西兰优先党、工党和绿党的民调支持率都稳定高于进入国会所需的5%门槛,据《新西兰先驱报》与莫图研究院联合发布的"民调之民调"(Poll of Polls)显示,截至2026年8月25日,现任国家党-行动党-新西兰优先党联合政府连任的概率为48.2%。本文比较的第六个政党Opportunity(前身为TOP党,至今仍常被以该名称搜索)的选情则真正存在悬念:同一民调模型显示,截至2026年7月15日,该党跨过5%门槛的概率接近50%。在三个确有可能组建下届政府的政党中,国家党、行动党和新西兰优先党目前均不打算改变现行的房东税收政策。工党已确认将从2027年7月1日起对投资性房产出售利润征收28%的资本利得税(自住房豁免),但尚未表态是否会调整房贷利息可抵扣政策。绿党则确认了六党中力度最大的一揽子方案:完全取消利息抵扣、新设16万纽币以上收入适用45%的最高税率、将两年期"亮线测试"(bright-line test)延长至十年,并开征财富税(但该财富税实际上会豁免绝大多数普通房东)。Opportunity党则会保留利息抵扣,但会以每年1.75%的城市土地价值税取代亮线测试和任何形式的资本利得税。
过去几年我一直在为那些自己打理一到四套房产、既没有物业经理也没有常年会计师的房东开发RentManager,每逢选举周期,我在邮箱里收到的问题几乎都是同一个:"这对我到底意味着什么?"多数选举税收政策报道谈的是宏观税收总额或意识形态立场,却很少讲清楚这对一个人自己的房贷加租金收支表究竟意味着什么。所以今年我把每个政党的实际官方政策都整理了出来并附上信源,还做了一个计算器,让你可以直接代入自己的数字,而不必套用一个未必适合你情况的例子。
各党目前在房东税收上的立场分别是什么?
截至2026年8月30日:
- 国家党 - 未发现任何政策变动。出租房贷款利息100%可抵扣,亮线测试为2年,没有资本利得税、财富税或土地税,最高个人税率维持在18万纽币以上39%不变。
- 行动党 - 支持上述现行制度。行动党另外表示希望最终将最高税率从39%降至33%,但这只是一个既定目标,并非2026年联合政府已确认的承诺,因此不能等同于正式政纲。
- 新西兰优先党 - 本文未找到该党专门的2026年税收政纲。其立场是根据其目前的执政联盟记录推断得出的:与上述国家党和行动党的设置相同。
- 工党 - 已确认从2027年7月1日起对投资性房产出售利润征收统一28%的税,收益从"估值日"起计算而非追溯既往,自住房、农场、股票、KiwiSaver退休金和企业资产均予豁免。党魁希普金斯(Chris Hipkins)表示,完全恢复取消利息抵扣的可能性"不大",但并未完全排除部分调整(例如将可抵扣比例限制在50%)的可能性,这仍应视为一个悬而未决的问题,而非已经确定的"维持不变"。
- 绿党 - 已确认将完全取消100%房贷利息抵扣、新设16万纽币以上收入适用的45%最高税率级距、将亮线测试从2年延长至10年,并对个人净资产超过1000万纽币(夫妻合计2000万纽币)部分开征2.5%的年度财富税,自住房豁免。
- Opportunity党(前身TOP党) - 会保留利息抵扣,但会以每年1.75%的城市出租房土地价值税(农村地区0.5%)取代亮线测试和任何形式的资本利得税,同时向每位成年人发放每年19,400纽币的免税"公民收入"。值得注意的是:国家党和工党都已明确表示不会与Opportunity党就该政策组成联合政府,即便该党跨过5%门槛,这一情景实际落地成为法律的可能性也相当有限。
以上所有立场都可能在投票日之前发生变化,这些内容也无法预测最终谁会胜选,或联合政府谈判会达成怎样的结果,详见下方计算器顶部的说明。
取消利息抵扣到底会让房东多付多少钱?
这是整个比较中影响最大的单一因素,其运作方式与多数人的直觉并不一致。取消利息抵扣并不会改变房东每年实际要付给银行的钱:房贷利息始终是一笔真实的现金支出。真正改变的是,这笔支出是否能抵减应税租金利润。
以一个价值200万纽币、四套房产、40%自有资金、5.5%房贷利率、5%毛租金收益率、扣除利息前运营成本占25%的投资组合为例。在现行法律下,利息可全额抵扣,该投资组合每年产生约9,000纽币的现金利润,按房东的边际税率纳税。取消利息抵扣后,现金流本身没有任何变化,同样的66,000纽币房贷利息仍会从房东账户中支出,但应税利润会从9,000纽币跳升到75,000纽币,因为利息已无法再用来抵减。将这笔应税利润叠加在15万纽币的个人收入之上,并按绿党提议的税率计算,最终税单约为每年32,600纽币,而这个投资组合实际产生的现金利润只有9,000纽币。也就是说,房东最终要自掏腰包缴税,而不是用租金收入来缴税。
财富税的影响有多大?真的会影响到大多数房东吗?
对绝大多数读者来说,答案是不会。六党中只有绿党提出了财富税;国家党、行动党、新西兰优先党、工党和Opportunity党都没有提出。绿党的政策是对个人净资产超过1000万纽币(夫妻合计2000万纽币)的部分征收2.5%的年度税,自住房完全豁免。一个只有几套出租房、投资组合自有资金约80万纽币的房东,离这个门槛还差得很远。绿党方案对典型房东造成的实际冲击,主要来自取消利息抵扣和新设的最高税率级距,而不是最受关注的财富税本身。
如果我出售房产,资本利得会怎样?
这一点只在出售时才会产生影响,而具体取决于当时适用的是哪个政党的政策。国家党、行动党和新西兰优先党维持现行的2年期亮线测试,因此持有超过2年的房产在这三党执政下出售均无需纳税。工党的28%资本利得税从2027年7月1日起对累积收益征收,无论持有时间长短,自住房豁免。绿党将亮线测试延长至10年后的方案,会把窗口期内出售所得按其提议的税率作为普通收入征税,最高可能达到45%,而不是统一的28%。Opportunity党既没有资本利得税,也完全没有亮线测试,两者都被其持续征收的土地税取代,因此在该党政策下出售房产本身不会触发单独的税收事件。
用你自己的数字试算一下
NZ election 2026 · interactive calculator
Portfolio Ballot
Run your own rental portfolio through the six parties most likely to enter Parliament, and see the direct tax effect of each one's stated property policy, side by side.
Policy positions shown here are current as of 30 August 2026. Parties can add, change or drop any policy between now and the election, and none of this models who will win, what coalition might form, or what gets negotiated in coalition talks. This models one thing only: the direct tax and cash-flow effect of each party's own currently stated property policy on the portfolio you enter below. It is not a full picture of any party's platform, it is not advice on how to vote, and it is not an endorsement of, or attack on, any party.
Your portfolio
Your income, and a future sale
The effect, party by party
| Party | Tax & levies / yr | After-tax cash flow / yr | If sold, held long-term |
|---|
After-tax cash flow, compared
How to read this
Frequently asked questions
Is this financial or voting advice?
No. It shows the direct tax and cash-flow arithmetic of each party's own stated property policy, applied to a portfolio you describe. It says nothing about a party's wider platform, its chances of entering government, or what to do with your vote. Talk to an accountant or financial adviser before making a decision based on any of these numbers.
Where do the policy numbers actually come from?
Each party's own policy page, manifesto document, or costings PDF, corroborated with reporting from RNZ, NZ Herald, 1News, interest.co.nz, or KPMG's election tax tracker. Every row below the results table links straight to what was used. Where a party has not stated a 2026 position on a point, the calculator falls back to current law and says so, rather than guessing.
What happens if a party changes its policy after 30 August 2026?
We update this page when a party confirms, changes, or drops a policy that affects landlords, and note what changed. Elections run on shifting policy right up to polling day, and coalition negotiations afterward can change things again regardless of what any single party promised, so an update here is never instant. Treat every figure as accurate as of its last update, not a forecast, and check the source links for each party's current position at any point in between.
Does every party have a wealth tax? Why doesn't it show up even on a large portfolio?
No. Five of the six parties tracked here (National, ACT, NZ First, Labour, Opportunity) have proposed no wealth tax at all. Only the Green Party has one, and it only applies above $10 million individual net worth ($20 million as a couple), with the family home exempt. The calculator can only compare against this rental portfolio's own equity, not your total net worth across every asset you own - if you hold significant wealth outside this portfolio, add it to your equity figure mentally to judge your real exposure. For the vast majority of small landlords, including most people running a portfolio well into seven figures, that threshold simply never gets reached on the rental portfolio alone, so it makes no practical difference. Try moving the portfolio value slider well past $10 million equity to see it switch on.
Does this account for selling within the bright-line window?
Yes, in the "if sold today's gain" column. National, ACT and NZ First keep the current 2-year bright-line test, so a sale outside that window owes nothing under their policy. Labour's 28% tax applies regardless of how long the property was held, from 1 July 2027. The Green Party's extended 10-year bright-line taxes a sale inside that window as ordinary income at their proposed rates. Opportunity (formerly branded TOP) has no bright-line test or capital gains tax at all, having replaced both with its ongoing land tax.
Does this cover trusts, look-through companies, or ring-fenced losses?
No. The calculator assumes rental profit is taxed directly in the hands of an individual at their personal marginal rate, which is the common case for a small, directly held portfolio. Ownership through a trust or company, or a portfolio still carrying ring-fenced losses from earlier years, changes the numbers and is out of scope here.
Why is ACT shown the same as National?
Because on every point this calculator tracks, ACT currently supports the coalition's existing law rather than proposing a further change. ACT has separately said it wants to cut the top tax rate from 39% to 33%, but that is a stated ambition rather than a confirmed 2026 commitment, so it is not built into the numbers. See ACT's row below for the sources behind that distinction.
Sources
以上所有数字都只使用了同一个示例。你自己的投资组合规模、自有资金比例、房贷利率、租金收益率和个人收入不同,结果也会随之变化,有时变化幅度还不小。上方的计算器可以让你输入自己的数字,实时查看六党对比结果,包括如果你计划出售房产,随滑块调整而即时计算出的一次性出售税负。
如果政党在选举前改变政策怎么办?
随着各政党在选举日之前确认、调整或新增影响房东的政策,我们会持续更新本文和上方的计算器,并在此说明具体改动。本页数字截至2026年8月30日,只是一个时点快照,不是预测,而选举年的政策变化往往很快。
请收藏本页,并分享给可能相关的其他房东。从现在到11月7日投票日之前,各党的数字都会持续变动,随时掌握与自己投资组合相符的最新对比,比单凭记忆记住今天的数字要更有价值。
以上内容都不构成投票建议。它所呈现的仅仅是每个政党自身既定房产政策对出租投资组合的直接税收和现金流影响,仅此而已,并不涉及任何政党更广泛的政纲、其执政的可能性,或联合政府谈判中可能做出的让步。RentManager NZ 没有任何政党背景,不存在利益冲突,也未接受任何政党或候选人的付费委托发布本文。
如果你目前是靠手工,甚至完全没有在追踪自己投资组合背后的具体数字:租金、房贷还款,以及税后实际到手多少,免费注册一个RentManager账户,让房产管理面板自动帮你完成这项追踪,用的是你自己的真实数字,而不只是上文的示例。
本文基于我本人在新西兰经营出租物业的经验撰写。这是帮助您了解自身选择的一般信息,并非法律、税务或财务建议,RentManager 也不是您的律师或会计师。规则会变动,每份租约各不相同 - 在采取行动前,请向 Tenancy Services(租赁服务局)、IRD(税务局)或专业人士核实您自己的情况。